What is the primary goal of using sodium hydroxide in electrolysis?

The primary goal of using sodium hydroxide in electrolysis is to chemically destroy hair. Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is a strong alkali that breaks down the hair protein within the follicle during the electrolysis process. This chemical reaction effectively disrupts the structure of the hair, leading to its destruction.

In electrolysis, a probe is inserted into the hair follicle, and an electric current is passed through a saline solution, which is created when sodium hydroxide is introduced. This results in the production of sodium ions and hydroxide ions, which contribute to the breakdown of hair cells. Consequently, sodium hydroxide serves a crucial function in the overall effectiveness of hair removal by targeting and eliminating the hair at its root.

While other options may present benefits in different contexts—such as reducing skin irritation or enhancing conductivity—those aspects are secondary to the primary function of sodium hydroxide in achieving permanent hair removal through its chemical destruction of hair.