What chemical agent is responsible for hair destruction in Galvanic electrolysis?

In Galvanic electrolysis, the chemical agent responsible for hair destruction is sodium hydroxide. This process utilizes a direct electrical current to convert sodium chloride in the electrolyte solution into sodium hydroxide at the hair follicle. Sodium hydroxide is a strong alkali that effectively disrupts the hair follicle's structure by breaking down the proteins and cellular components, leading to hair removal. The generation of this chemical at the targeted follicle is crucial for the effectiveness of the Galvanic method, making it the key substance involved in the destruction of hair during electrolysis.

Other options mentioned, like magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and ammonium thioglycolate, do not play a role in the Galvanic electrolysis process. Magnesium and calcium hydroxide may have some uses in other contexts but are not the primary agents for hair removal in this electrolysis technique. Ammonium thioglycolate is commonly associated with chemical hair relaxing and perming but is not used in the electrolysis method for permanent hair removal. Thus, sodium hydroxide stands out as the correct agent for effective hair destruction through Galvanic electrolysis.